How does an absorption refrigerator function?

An absorption refrigerator operates by utilizing a gas flame to generate the necessary heat for its refrigeration cycle. This process begins with the absorption of refrigerant by a solution, typically lithium bromide, and relies on heat to drive the refrigerant out of the solution. The refrigerant then evaporates, creating a cooling effect as it absorbs heat from the interior of the refrigerator. The gas flame provides the energy needed to heat the solution, allowing the cycle to continue.

In contrast, other options involve different methods of refrigeration. For instance, electrical compression is characteristic of conventional refrigerators, which use compressors powered by electricity rather than a gas flame. Heating water does not directly apply to the principle of refrigeration in this context, as absorption refrigerators don’t function by heating water for refrigeration but instead use heat to drive the refrigeration cycle. A stable electric supply is also not a requirement for absorption refrigerators, as they are primarily designed to operate on gas or other heating sources instead of relying on consistent electrical power.